Race, Religion, Social Class, And Ethnicity Essay

How one does in school, one’s social ability, and one’s awareness of others are all guided by how an individual identifies. Identification with one’s gender, race, religion, social class, and ethnicity are all driving forces behind an individual’s future self. Identity is a crucial part of who you are, and in recent studies and experimentation researchers have been trying to identify new, untested factors that influence behavior in people. Although, in the past there hasn’t been a strong focus on the positive effects of race and ethnicity, the conversation is now shifting to align itself with the current times. With America becoming increasingly more ethnically and racially diverse, we must take the time to see how certain factors, specifically race and ethnicity, impact a person’s development and behavior in both positive and negative ways. Attributes and characteristics such as good academic standing, one’s well-being in terms of hea lth, and one’s well-being in terms of self-esteem have all been the focus of studies focused on ethnic and racial identity. Through the research of scholarly articles and publications, evidence has been found to show that the intersection of the racial and ethnic identity of an individual both shapes and affects their personal growth and development in childhood and adolescence (Rivas-Drake, et al.). According to French, et al., this has been a more recent conversation with racial preference being researched in the 1940’s and 1950’s usingShow MoreRelatedRace, Religion, Social Class, And Ethnicity1274 Words   |  6 Pages your social ability, and your awareness of others are all guided by how you identify. Identification in one’s gender, race, religion, social class, and ethnicity are all driving forces behind your future self. Identity is a crucial part of who you are, and in recent studies and experimentation researchers have been trying to identify new, untested factors that influence behavior in people. Although, in the past there hasn’t been a strong focus on the positive and negative effects of race and ethnicityRead MoreHow Do You Feel Race, Ethnicity, Social Class, And Religion846 Words   |  4 PagesHow do you feel race, ethnicity, social class, and religion has shaped you and your family lives? Whether we take notice or not these aspects of our childhood and today’s life contributed to our viewpoint about different parts of the world. Also, the way your family interacted with you and others is determined in a way by these key points. My race, social class, ethnicity, and religion have helped mold me into the young adult I am, beliefs, and values I hold today because my understanding of whoRead MoreRace And Ethnicity Are Integral Parts Of America905 Words   |  4 PagesRace and Ethnicity are integral parts of America. They are often used interchangeably. Race is associated with biology. It is a socially and politically constructed category of individuals who are assumed to share common inborn biological traits, such as bone structure , hair type, skin, or eye color. These distinctions have been used to the detriment or advantage of American groups over time. Whereas ethnicity is associated with culture factors. It is often tied to nationality of origin and characterizedRead MoreThe Theory Of Social Class1128 Words   |  5 Pagesfactor that affects identity is social class. The Marxism assumption is that socio-economic position is a fundamental element to shape identity. People are not individuals, but part of a class. The Marxist ideology is that of â€Å"false consciousness†, this meaning that some classes, the lower, working class, are not aware of the position they have to society. As a result, this is why they often work in jobs that are underpaid. Some Marxist theorists believe that class identity is procreated in cultureRead MoreThe Idea Of Privilege And Discrimination1015 Words   |  5 Pagesimmunity that one occupies based on certain characteristics. Some of the privilege factors in my social life are my race/ethnicity, class, and religion. On the other hand, I define discrimination as a form of social injustice in which one is at a disadvantage solely based on his features. For example, because of the pigment of my skin, my middle school teacher treated me in an unfavorable fashion. Furthermore, Race plays an important role in obtaining a privileged status. Dan Pence, a professor in SouthernRead MoreSociology Of Our Times By Diana Kendall And The Meaning Of Sociology By Charon And Vigilant1053 Words   |  5 Pagesreally focused on the chapter about race and ethnicity. The readings had two sections related to the same discussion, one about race, wealth and ethnicity and another about how children who are born immigrants having to learn how to adapt to their â€Å"normal† identity in society. Other topics of prejudice, discrimination, and sociological perspectives were interesting and helped gain more knowledge about the chapter. In Sociology in Our Times, Kendal l informs us about race and how it is defined in the worldRead MoreRace And Ethnicity : Biological And Sociological Factors980 Words   |  4 PagesRace and Ethnicity both relate to biological and sociological factors respectively, and even though they can overlap, they are distinct. The term race refers to the concept of dividing people into populations or groups on the basis of various sets of physical characteristics (which usually result from genetic ancestry). Race presumes shared biological or genetic traits, whether actual or asserted and the category to which others assign individuals on the basis of physical characteristics. Races areRead MoreRace And Ethnicity : Biological And Sociological Factors957 Words   |  4 PagesRace and Ethnicity both relates to biological and sociological factors respectively and even though they can overlap, they are distinct. The term race refers to the concept of dividing people into populations or groups on the basis of various sets of phy sical characteristics (which usually result from genetic ancestry). Race presumes shared biological or genetic traits, whether actual or asserted and the category to which others assign individuals on the basis of physical characteristics. Races areRead MoreMy Personal History Narrative From The Beginning Of The Semester1183 Words   |  5 Pagesto ignore the realities of others around you and only focus on yourself. Everything from race to religion is very salient every day, but it is rare that they are spoken of on a daily basis. How often can you recall talking to someone at work or school about their religious beliefs or how it feels to be of a certain race? One of the perspectives that changed for me was the concept of race and ethnicity. As I mentioned in my personal identity narrative, genetically, I am Korean, but culturallyRead MoreWhat Does Sociology Mean?1585 Words   |  7 Pagesinequality (social class, social mobility, gender, race and ethnicity), work, economy, marriage, and family. Inequality In my country Saudi Arabia, there is inequality, and it is affected peoples lives. I used to work for Saudi Airlines for five years. In that period, I experienced inequality such as promotions, and training opportunity. That inequality made me angry, and forced me to quit working. My social class is the upper-middle class. I am a 29-year-old male. I belong to Arab Semitic race, and I

Essay on Book Review of School Leadership that Works by...

Change is a double-edged sword (Fullan, 2001). Change is a word that might inspire or put fear into people. Leadership is challenging when it comes to dealing with change and how individuals react within the organization to the change. Marzano, McNulty, and Waters (2005) discuss two orders of change in their book School Leadership that Works; first and second. Fullan (2001) also adds to the discussion in his book Leading in a Culture of Change, with regard to understanding change. In Change Leadership, Keagan and Wagner (2006) discuss many factors of change and the systematic approach to change. Change affects people in different ways. Leaders need to be able to respond to the individuals throughout the change process. School†¦show more content†¦Each change order incorporates the responsibilities of a leader into the change process. Marzano, McNulty and Waters propose five steps for a plan of effective school leadership. The first step is developing a leadership team with purpose. The definition used for a purposeful community is one with the collective efficacy and capability to develop and use assets to accomplish goals that mater to all community members through agreed-upon process (Marzano, et. al, 2005). The second step is distributing some responsibilities throughout the leadership team. The third step is to select the right work. The fourth step is to identify the order of magnitude implied by the selected work. The last step is to match the management style to the order of magnitude of the change initiative. The last step incorporates whether this is first or second order change. First order change is incremental change, fine-tunes the system through a series of small steps that do not depart radically from the past (Marzano 2005). First order change is the day to day operation of a school. Some characteristics of first-order change are the following: 1) Is perceived as an extension of the past; 2) Fits within existing paradigms; 3) Is consistent with prevailing values and norms; 4) Can be implemented with existing knowledge and skills; 5) Requires resources currently available to those responsible for implementing the innovation; and 6) May beShow MoreRelatedSchool Leadership That Works Essay858 Words   |  4 PagesIn School Leadership that Works, Marzano, Waters, and McNulty discuss their findings of 69 studies on the effects of school leadership on student achievement. Additionally, they share the survey results of over 650 building principals. Based on these findings, they have developed a list of 21 leadership responsibilities, along with a five-point plan that will affect student achievement. Finally, they present a first order and second order of change sequence to facilitate student success. Marzano, aRead MoreDifferent Methods of Teaching Essay1087 Words   |  5 Pagesand Bergmann 16). Before the traditional classroom, most of class time was spent on learning the new content instead of practicing it. Jonathan Bergmann’s school runs on a block schedule, so class periods are ninety minutes long. The first twenty five minutes of the class were spent in various review activities, including a warm up and review of the previous homework. Up to half of the class could be spent on lecturing new material. Only about a third of the class period was available for studentsRead MoreVision of Leadership Philosophy Essay606 Words   |  3 PagesVision of Leadership From research we see that there are many qualities that people value in leaders. Some of these qualities include: having high standards, supportive, inquisitive, involved, honest and having integrity. When I think about leadership I think of a person who is self-aware and always striving for improvement. To be a good leader you need to know how your personal biases may impact decision making in various situations. Bias or values can effect how you interact with those you comeRead MoreThe Importance Of Teacher Leadership And Empowerment983 Words   |  4 Pages. What is teacher leadership and empowerment and why should it be promote in schools? Teacher leadership is defined as â€Å"teachers who aspire to stretch beyond their classrooms to engage in leadership roles that take many shapes and forms, both â€Å"informal and formal†. (ECS, 2010). The teacher leadership role is also described as â€Å"the process by which teachers, individually and collectively, influence their colleagues, principals, and other members of the school community to improve learning practicesRead MoreSchool Leadership that Works Essay2479 Words   |  10 PagesLeadership involves a set of learnable experiences. Exceptional leaders are exceptional learners. This essay reviews some of the current literature related to effective leadership in education with a special focus on Marzano’s research on leadership â€Å"that works† (2005). Most definitions of leadership involve four elements including process – a transaction between leader and followers, context – usually a group with a common purpose, influence – affect on group, and goal attainment – direction ofRead MoreTeacher Motivation6898 Words   |  28 PagesResearch Proposal Presented to the Gaduate School of UEW For the award of Mphil Educational leadership Teacher Motivation and Student Achievement in Senior High School By: Gordon Gyasi Yeboah Jnr Teacher Motivation and Student Achievement Senior High School Students ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, 2011 Dissertation Author: Stephanie S Hayden Abstract: Motivation has been used to encourage teachers as well as students themselves to increase students academicRead MoreASSESSING LEARNERS IN LIFELONG LEARNING7015 Words   |  29 Pagesï » ¿ Learning Outcome Be able to conduct and record assessments in accordance with internal and external processes and requirements 2.1 Review the assessment requirements and related procedures of learning programmes (AQA. 2012).Assessment is the process by which a learner’s skills and knowledge are reviewed in order to evaluate what they have learnt or in the case of NVQs, how they are performing against the competencies they are required to demonstrate. I see classroomRead MoreFactors Related to Students Performance in Nat13438 Words   |  54 PagesStudy The National Achievement Test (NAT) is an examination given annually to assess the competency of both public and private school students. The students’ knowledge and skills are tested in the subjects of Mathematics, English, Science, Filipino, and HEKASI for grade school and Mathematics, English, Science, Filipino, and Araling Panlipunan for high school. The test is administered by the Department of Educations National Education Testing and Research Center (NETRC). The results are intended

Electronic Commerce e-Business Model

Question: Discuss about the Electronic Commerce for e-Business Model. Answer: Introduction The idea of creating the current business plan is to create an e-business technology that could be adopted to improve on the efficiency and the operations of the company. The company current offers the visitor ticket and the exhibitor floor space sales, and the branded merchandise available for the sale in the exhibition (Amoroso, Roman Morco, 2016). The selection of the strategy will be done according to the business subjects that are offered by the company. The project will be formulated within the budget from the profits gotten by the business and it should not exceed more than half of the profits. E-commerce business model adoption to the business The e-commerce business model are the business model, which will enable BTFC Company to conduct the business over an online platform through electronic network typically the internet. The electronic commerce will operate through three segments the business-to-business (B2B), business to the consumer (B2C), consumer to business (C2B). This company has figured on the need to integrate electronic commerce into the existing strategy (Andam, 2014). The reason for this was due to the loss in the revenues, poor communication channels between the business and the suppliers and the need to improve those collaborations between the business to fair trade managers, customers and suppliers (Mohapatra, 2013). The company should employ on the business-to-business model in order to transact easily on the goods and the services between the companies. The company does a lot of business with Australian companies that are overseas in regards to trade fair on booking ticket, arranging hospitality and organization on the marketing materials during fairs (Mohapatra, 2013). This can be made easier especially when BTFC receive cash from those companies as deposit for the exhibition. Moreover, this could be adopted in the payment of the suppliers of the products especially those merchandise that need design and printing (Mavlanova, Benbunan-Fich Lang, 2016). The company can establish a relationship with the consumer through the business to consumer model. This is important especially in the retail section of the merchandise they sell at the trade fair. It will ease the burden of the consumer purchasing on the products in the exhibitions. Another model to adopt is the consumer to the business. The co nsumers can show case their products to the company and the company may make the purchase if they are interested on the product. How the business will derive the revenues from use of e-commerce system In the generation of the revenue for the business there is need to adopt the revenue models. A revenue model will describe on how the business is able to generate on the stream of the revenue from the product and the services (Huang Benyoucef, 2013). The revenue model is one of the key components of the business models. The company can adopt of the model of advertising. The model will help the business a platform where the contents can be provided to the customers as an advertising space. The customers can easily get the merchandise information from the platform they intend to establish. Another revenue model to use is the commission model. This type of the model is similar to the markup model as the business charges a fee to every transaction that will be mediated between two companies or the parties. In the case of BTFC Company, the company act as the mediator between the Fair trade managers and the exhibiting companies (Mohapatra, 2013). They could employ on this model and charge a small commission for the transaction they make or for the ticket, they sell for the Australian based visitors on behalf of other companies. The network and the communications infrastructure that will be required for the system The infrastructure of the e-commerce identifies on the functionality of the hardware and the software components, the levels of the requirements, management and the operation of the whole system (Madden, Banerjee, Rappoport Suenaga, 2016). For the network and the communication there should be use of the internet-based technologies in order to create on the value for the users and the delivery of the services effectively. The e-commerce application should have an information repository components these are the servers, the load balancing systems and the use of encrypted devices used when communication to keep the information more secure. The applications that are required to meet on specific e-commerce business goals The e-commerce infrastructure is aimed to identify on the business goals in regards to the functionalities of the hardware and the software components. The software components used are the content management systems, the analytics of web, text analytics, the database servers, database and the application of the middleware. The hardware application needed to meet on the goals of the business are the servers, the proxy servers, and the load balancing system, the encryption of the device and a unit for the interactive voice response. Some of the major components that has the techno functions are the middleware that resides on the client and the server, the email directory service and the lookup database. How to address security issues on the e-commerce system The e-commerce security entails protection of the e-commerce assets from the unauthorized access, destruction or even alternation. Various mechanism may be adopted in order to address on the issues of the security (Karahanna, Polites, Williams, Liu Seligman, 2013). One of the way to address on security is to have a communication channels for protection. This can be achieved through encryption where there is use of private key encryption and various protocol to be established. There is use of server protection mechanism this help for the access control and the authentication. This can be achieved using digital signature from the users and the access control list. Further security can be minimize through the performance of the risk assessment on the information of the assets and the value of the firm. Moreover, there should be a development of an implementation plan that has a set of the steps of action in order to achieve on the security goals. The company should be able to perform o n the security audit, which act as the routine review of all the access logs and the evaluation of the procedures of the security. How to address the requirement of e marketing in the business The email marketing has become a valuable tool for marketing in the recent years. Learning to manage an email campaign of marketing can be beneficial to the business. On addressing on the requirement of e-marketing one should understand the risk hefty fines. One should be granted permission by recipient to send commercial email and each of the piece should offer a visible method to opt out on the future transmission. Additionally to address on the requirement it is important to know the tactic used in this strategy and the actions that will be taken on the delivery.it is important to keep record showing the date, and the method of collecting method. It is important to decide on whether the method will be automatic, this can be achieved through double opt or the opt out method to enable the consumers to remove themselves from the mailing list. The type of payment system to be used in the application The e-commerce strategy that will be adopted by the company will have the hosted payment gateways as the method of the payment. The method will take the customer off from the site checkout page. Once the users clicks on the button of pay at the website, the users will be redirected to the payment service provider page (Fang, Qureshi, Sun, McCole, Ramsey Lim, 2014). The customers fill on the payment details. Once the client pays, they are then redirected back to the website in order to finish on the checkout process. Moreover, option to adopt is the use of the iframe. The payment provider creates a form to the merchant store and inserts that to the website. Once the merchant accepts either the credit or the debit card the payment are made. In the case there is a recurrent payment that will be made there will be creation of the profile for the customer with the information of the number of recurrent count, the amount and the number of frequency (Dong, Wu Li, 2016). The aspect of the refund and the cancellation is handled at the payment of the site gateway. How to address on privacy and relevant ethical issues in the business The vast in the internet advertising offers a solid platform for the e-commerce to be explored. Many of the ethical and the global issues of the IT usually apply to the e-business. Some issues need to be addressed such as web tracking. There is need for the company to have application to provide the consumer on their privacy (Chiu, Wang, Fang Huang, 2014). The company can use the Privacy Guardian in order to protect the users privacy, as they are online by erasing on the browsers cache, and the surfing history (Da Costa, 2016). There is need to address on the privacy issue. Most of the electronic payment system usually know the identity of the buyer. It is therefore important to protect the identity of the clients who uses the electronic payment method while making their purchase. The privacy issues that can relate to the employee of the company is on the tracking. The monitoring systems should be installed in the company to monitor on the e-mail and other of the web activities. Another ethical issue to address is the legal issue (Zhao, Li, He, Chang, Wen Li, 2016). There is need to address on the aspect that are related to the consumer who defraud the merchants. The company can set up a legal department in order to deal with the fraud cases as most of the cases there are fraud cases that are witnessed over the internet. How to new business system will address the customer service issues Today the platform for carrying the business have changed significantly in order to cater to the growing online customer audience, the fact remain individual needs to expect there is a good customer service even on the digital platform (Cardona, Duch-Brown, Francois, Martens Yang, 2015). The online platform should provide a 24/7 means for the services in order to serve the customer who seek information in the odd hours. There could be offline stores to provide a personal shopping assistance to the customers. There should be a live chat channel. This is one of the most effective method of the customer service channel that is used in the e-commerce. The chat allows one to chat with the visitors in a real time, answer the questions they have asked and provide an appropriate advice within a short time (Chen, Yen, Pornpriphet Widjaja, 2015). There should also be social media that link on the e-business strategy. This can become effective customer service channels where the customers can address on their concern. Feedback on their query should be provided promptly. How to measure the success of the proposed system The proposed system for the BTFC Company can be measured using various metrics and tools. One of the metric is to understand on the lifetime value of the customer (Beier Wagner, 2014). The company should calculate their return on the investment focusing on the lifetime value of the customers. Another measure to use is to monitor on the satisfaction of the customer. There are many tools that can be employed to measure on the customer satisfaction one could be the Google analytic, the purchases history of the customers and the psychographic tools. Another metric to look at is the measurement of the sales funnel (Barnes Hunt, 2013). There are online tools that can be used to track on the customer information some of these are the conversion rates and look at the landing pages. Conclusion The BTFC Company need to improve on the market communication and collaboration between the exhibition companies, customers and suppliers. The company need to adopt on this e-commerce strategy in order to create on the new online channels for marketing, sales and improvement of collaboration and communication with the exhibitors and the supply. The use of this application will help in achieving these aspects. References Amoroso, D. L., Roman, F. L., Morco, R. (2016). E-Commerce Online Purchase Intention: Importance of Corporate Social Responsibility Issues. Andam, Z. R. (2014). e-Commerce and e-Business. Barnes, S., Hunt, B. (Eds.). (2013). E-commerce and v-business. Routledge. Beier, M., Wagner, K. (2014). Crowdfunding between Social Media and E-Commerce: Online Communication, Online Relationships and Fundraising Success on Crowdfunding Platforms. SSRN Electronic Journal. Cardona, M., Duch-Brown, N., Francois, J., Martens, B., Yang, F. (2015). The macro- economic impact of e-commerce in the EU Digital Single Market (No. 2015-09). Institute of Prospective Technological Studies, Joint Research Centre. Chen, J. V., Yen, D. C., Pornpriphet, W., Widjaja, A. E. (2015). E-commerce web site loyalty: A cross cultural comparison. Information Systems Frontiers, 17(6), 1283-1299. Chiu, C. M., Wang, E. T., Fang, Y. H., Huang, H. Y. (2014). Understanding customers' repeat purchase intentions in B2C eà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ commerce: the roles of utilitarian value, hedonic value and perceived risk. Information Systems Journal, 24(1), 85-114. Da Costa, E. (2016). Global e-commerce strategies for small businesses. Mit Press. Dong, M., Wu, A. P., Li, H. (2016). Studying Cost Allocation in Joint Distribution for E- CommerceA Small to Medium Size Logistic Firms Perspective. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management 2015 (pp. 379-385). Atlantis Press. Fang, Y., Qureshi, I., Sun, H., McCole, P., Ramsey, E., Lim, K. H. (2014). Trust, Satisfaction, and Online Repurchase Intention: The Moderating Role of Perceived Effectiveness of E- Commerce Institutional Mechanisms. Mis Quarterly, 38(2), 407-427. Huang, Z., Benyoucef, M. (2013). From e-commerce to social commerce: A close look at design features. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 12(4), 246-259. Karahanna, E., Polites, G. L., Williams, C. K., Liu, B., Seligman, L. (2013). The Influence of Uncertainty Avoidance on Consumer Perceptions of Global E-Commerce Sites. MWAIS 2013 Proceedings, paper, 13. Madden, G., Banerjee, A., Rappoport, P. N., Suenaga, H. (2016). E-commerce transactions, the installed base of credit cards, and the potential mobile E-commerce adoption. Applied Economics, 1-12. Mavlanova, T., Benbunan-Fich, R., Lang, G. (2016). The role of external and internal signals in E-commerce. Decision Support Systems. Mohapatra, S. (2013). E-commerce Strategy. In E-Commerce Strategy (pp. 155-171). Springer US. Zhao, W. X., Li, S., He, Y., Chang, E. Y., Wen, J. R., Li, X. (2016). Connecting Social Media to E-Commerce: Cold-Start Product Recommendation Using Microblogging Information. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 28(5), 1147-1159.

Grossman Model and Impacts of Hypochondria †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Grossman Model and Impacts of Hypochondria. Answer: Introduction: Health has three very important roles in the Grossman model. Hypochondria condition is a situation where one has a negative perception of suffering from a certain major illness (Mayo Clinic, 2015). This condition therefore implies that there is a reduction in the optimal health. The people with this condition sometimes become functionless because they have so much worry within themselves. They keep checking their body for any symptom that may be a sign of illness (Novak, 2016). A normal body condition such as a noisy stomach is enough to worry them. Despite which role health plays in the Grossman model, there will be a reduced optimal health. Now the explanation according to the roles is as follows; According to the first role of health as a consumption good, a person achieves utility to consuming both health and home goods. Health is the actual condition of the body whereas home goods are any other non-health products that contributes to ones utility. Every human being is faced with a budget since everything that a person consumes has to be paid for. For this budget, a person has to work to accumulate income for facilitating the same. However, despite the level of income, human wants are unlimited and thus income is never enough to meet all human wants (scarcity). This forces one to make choices on the allocation of the available resources; more income is allocated to the most important need while foregoing the least important. A person becomes indifference on her spending on various needs and this creates an opportunity cost. The major constraint in this case is time. The 24 hours in a day is divided into working time, playing time, improving health and sick time. Working time is essential as it results in income that is used for buying both health and home goods, but time has to be spent on playing and improving health. Sick time is the time a person losses and spends sleeping thus less activities that may contribute to adding utility. Given the levels of sick time and time spent on improving health, a person is now left with a choice of working time and playing time as in the graph below. The initial budget line AB is constrained by U0. The increased sick time shifts the time constraint to the left to U1 and a new budget line is formed this is because sickness expenses reduces income. This in turn reduces both working and playing time from W0 to W1 and P0 to P1 respectively. The point of tangency between CD and U1 gives the new optimal Health. As per the second role of being an input of production, health and home goods have to be produced by the use of market inputs. Market inputs for health include treadmills and weights, while those for home goods include video games and movie tickets. Auld (2014) noted that productivity of a sick person falls since less time is spent on other productive activities such as playing, working and health improvement. According to Mayo Clinic (2015), the hypochondriac condition is associated with a lot of distress and thus can put one out of action. The initial optimum utility is U1 and the optimum health is H* where there is tangency between the PPF and the indifference curve. Hmin means that there is no activity taking place since there is no productivity time. Increased sick time reduces productivity time. Pearlman (2010) noted that at some point, a hypochondriac patient may enter the office with tears in her eyes; there is no way this person can have full concentration in the workplace. When productivity time deviates from the optimal H* to the direction shown by the arrow, utility falls from U1 to U2. This move is to a lower optimal health. Lastly as per the third role of health being an investment, since health is considered to be a stock, illness anxiety reduces this stock. There is no way a person who has a perception of being sick today can think of having a healthy future. According to Pearlman (2010), this person is convinced of dying and the last thing expected of her is to increase an investment on her health. The initial Marginal Efficiency of Capital (MEC) curve is MEC0 with Optimal health being H*. Health investment and health have diminishing returns; as health capital increases, it becomes difficult for one to generate health from inputs (Dolan, 2003). A fall in health lowers the MEC and thus shifts from MEC0 to MEC1. r + is the minimum return expected to be made on health investment. is the depreciation rate and raises the cost of health when one worries for a long period (Legg Nordqvist, 2017) When a person perceives that she might be suffering from a certain major disease, she thinks that life may end up very soon, thus, investment in health would attract a rate of return lower than r + . Dolan (2003) pointed out that this r + is the marginal cost of investing in health and must be equal to the marginal benefit. This makes her to have a view that investment in health will attract lower returns and thus opts to invest in other alternatives in the market other than health. This lo wers the MEC and the new health optimal level falls from H* to H*new. The biggest worry of a hypochondria person is that the disease may consume a big proportion of her income and that there is a low probability of recovering (eventually death will occur). An exogenous income of winning $ 1 million in lottery can have a positive effect on her perception. She now may feel that she is in a position better to fight with the disease even if it was real. The exogenous income will help in giving her some peace of mind in that she can now afford better health services. Cheng, Costa-i-Font Powdthavee (2015) confirmed the argument of lottery winners seeking more private health care. With such income, she my now decide to open up her new job and employ some workers. This action will not need much of her working time, money will now work for her, and thus, she will have more time for playing and improving health. In turn, this will now reduce the sick time as her health will now improve. An improvement in health will mean a reduction in sick time. Subsequently, this will boost her optimal health resulting in an improved productivity. Das (2015) noted that an improvement in health is greatly contributed by an improvement in income. References Auld, C. (2014). Individual-level demand for and production of health. Web.uvic.ca. Retrieved 16 April 2018, from https://web.uvic.ca/~auld/auld-jh-chapter5-grossman-R1.pdf. Cheng, T., Costa-i-Font, J., Powdthavee, N. (2015). Lottery income, healthcare, and supplementary health insurance. Voxeu.org. Retrieved 16 April 2018, from https://voxeu.org/article/windfall-income-and-healthcare-choices. Das, s. (2015). Health as a Human Capital: Overview of Grossman model. Slideshare.net. Retrieved 16 April 2018, from https://www.slideshare.net/sumitdas79462/grossman-model. Dolan, P. (2003). Grossmans theory of the demand for health care. Is.muni.cz. Retrieved 15 April 2018, from https://is.muni.cz/el/1456/jaro2009/PVEKZD/um/1329617/grossman.pdf. Legg, T., Nordqvist, C. (2017). Hypochondria: What is illness anxiety disorder? Medical News Today. Retrieved 15 April 2018, from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/9983.php. Mayo Clinic. (2015). Illness anxiety disorder - Symptoms and causes. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 15 April 2018, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/illness-anxiety-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20373782. Novak, L. (2016). Confessions of a hypochondriac. Retrieved 15 April 2018, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2016/02/18/confessions-of-a-hypochondriac/?noredirect=onutm_term=.7d5f9a9af96d. Pearlman, J. (2010). Hypochondria: The Impossible Illness. Psychology Today. Retrieved 16 April 2018, from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/articles/201001/hypochondria-the-impossible-illness.

Argumentative Essay Topics With Samples and Explanations

Argumentative Essay Topics With Samples and ExplanationsArgumentative essay topics with samples and explanations is a good way to begin writing an essay. This article will give you some sample topics to use when you are starting out with this essay topic.The first sample essay topic has some explanations about physics and Newtonian physics. This topic has a detailed explanation of how to tackle a topic such as this. You will learn about topics such as solutions and gravity.You can use these and other popular examples that are available on the internet. If you really want to get into the writing habit, then you will need to get these ideas down. This is a good start to getting your research together. Then you can focus on writing.There are many reasons to write this way. One reason is that you get to write as much as you want. Another reason is that you can actually learn more by writing than by reading books and taking tests. You will also be able to improve on your writing skills wi th this type of writing.Argumentative essay topics with samples can help you figure out what subject matter is right for you. This may be something that you never thought of before, or you may have been writing in one subject for years. It is fun to see that you were wrong in any of those areas.You can also get practice by taking these sample essays and using them in the different essay subjects. You will be surprised at how many different topics you can tackle with this type of writing. After a while, you will be able to write a simple discussion paper on any topic.Students who have never done formal argumentative writing will be able to enjoy the process and still have fun writing. This will make them less likely to feel intimidated and it will make the process enjoyable. When you get bored, then you can take a break from it.To get started, you can take a look at the samples available on the internet or find some in your school library. Do some research on the topic, write a draft , and rewrite it as many times as necessary until you are satisfied with the essay. As long as you work hard and keep practicing, you will have no trouble writing the final version of the essay.

When I began to look at the relationship between C Essay Example For Students

When I began to look at the relationship between C Essay hris Markers film, La Jetee, and Roland Barthess book, Camera Lucida, I was thinking only about their most obvious link: photography. The more I looked, though, the more Marker and Barthes seemed to have in common. It was almost uncanny. Some things had to be twisted a little, but the strangest sort of interplay between the two works seemed to be happening, and it felt as if I were the first to discover it. For example, the first lines in the film, This is the story of a man marked by an image from his childhood, coincide amazingly well with Barthess story, branded by the image from his Mothers childhood, and subsequently his own. Even where they differ, it seems to me that the fact that Marker and Barthes are even considering the same ideas upon which they can differ is an amazing similarity. Perhaps every single major idea Barthes addresses in his novel I can find addressed in La Jetee. Because of this fact, and because of the power of both works, I was led at the end of my researc h to some new, yet fundamental ideas about the nature of photography itself. We will write a custom essay on When I began to look at the relationship between C specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now One of the most interesting aspects of this study, and also the most challenging, is the nature of Markers film itself. Simply the fact that I have to put the word film in quotes when applying it to La Jetee is perhaps the strongest evidence of the enigma that this film has been throughout its history. What exactly is la Jetee? This is a question that haunted my research. How do you take a book about photography, and apply its statements to this film? Now, obviously there are some answers to this question. Markers film is of course largely about photography because it is largely photography. However, in many ways it also defies classification. We have a series of heterogeneous photographs. There is nothing to separate them out from any other photographs that one might find in the world, except that they are given a narrative. Suddenly a film is created. Yet, I would propose that the soul of Markers film is still photography, and that film is its heart. Thus, though there were some ve ry perplexing issues in applying Barthess ideas to La Jetee, I found that on the whole it could be done without making many stretches or leaps in interpretation. A startling number of similar themes and motifs are present in each of the works. As I said, the number of parallels is uncanny, and Barthes and Marker are certainly examining the same fundamental ideas that lie at the center of the photograph. Death, time, memory, history in the sense of the individual photographs history, and the raw power and mystery of the photographic image are all issues that are explored in both works. Barthes and Marker are looking at the same things in different ways. Barthess method is lucid and personal. It is essentially a long critical essay in a very liberal form. The important thing is that no interpretation is necessary, Barthes is telling us exactly what he thinks and feels about photography. We can learn from Camera Lucida and look at it in light of something else, but alone it is unassail able, we cannot read between the lines. La Jetee, however, is completely different. Marker is not simply examining the fundamental aspects of photography and giving us conclusions. Instead, he is playing off of these fundamental ideas, both on a theoretical level and upon that of the average persons paradigms. His film requires interpretation, and has gotten a great deal of it. I found Barthess book to be a perfect vehicle for this task. Barthes writes that, the photograph is violent. It is violent because on each occasion it fills the sight by force, and because nothing in it can be refused or transformed. What he means is that the photograph is only what you see, and nothing more. The individual photograph cannot be interpreted, it yields itself wholly to the viewer, and the viewer cannot and does not need to go anywhere else but to the photograph in order to understand it. I stress this point now because it is important when examining La Jetee. If the photograph arrests interpret ation, then one must go to the narration of the film to find out what Marker is trying to say. This is where the brilliance of La Jetee is for me. The photographs in the movie except for those of the time traveling experimentscould be pictures from just about anywhere, relating to just about anything, so one must ask, Why this story? When one does ask this question, the film opens up, and an understanding of what Marker is saying begins to form. I am not sure that I can totally agree with Barthess comment that the photograph arrests interpretation. I believe he must be speaking strictly of the image itself, of the actual action of looking at it. However, this is not where the mystery of the photograph lies. The mystery is behind the photograph, and this is why so many questions arise when people look at certain pictures. So very often, when looking at a photo, I want to know What. What is going on in this photo? How did the events leading up to it come about? Who are these people? How did the photographer do that? What, essentially, is the story behind this photograph. Obviously, Barthes is aware of this characteristic of the photograph. Looking at Kerteszs portrait of a young schoolboy, he exclaims, it is possible that Ernest, a schoolboy photographed in 1931 by Kertesz, is still alive today (but where? How? What a novel!) Barthes is looking at the future of the photographed subject, rather than the story behind it, but the re is still this underlying desire on the part of the viewer to want to know more. Furthermore, I believe that Marker, in La Jetee, is playing off of this instinctive desire of the viewer. He is giving the viewer of the story the History that he yearns for. As I said before, most of the pictures in the film are not strange or unbelievable. They are not science fiction, as is the story. Even the pictures of the time traveling experiments could, on second glance, be taken for some sort of Vietnam War photographs. What I am trying to say is that none of the photos in the film need this particular story in order to have a believable history. They are almost all ordinary photographs, and Marker is playing off this fact. One gets the feeling that he could almost have picked up some random family album and simply mad up a story to go along with the pictures he saw. Of course, this is not what Marker did. The story, an utterly fantastic fiction, is well chosen. Through the irony of this imp ossible story and these entirely possible photographs, Marker is saying that though the photograph may be so forcefully clear, so completely fact, this history that we yearn for can never be true to the photograph. Instead, it will always be a story, and if we ask for the history of the photograph we will get a narrative fiction. Moreover, this history, being a fiction, and therefore blind to all the facts, will leave us wanting, with as many if not more questions than when we began. This is why so many things in the film are not told to the viewer, who is made all the more aware of these gaps because there is a narration in the first place. We do not know anything really about the experiments, or the camp, or the war, or characters. We are not even told the name of the hero or the name of any character in the film for that matter! This fact leaves me thinking of all the photographs there must be in the world with nameless people in them. Even if one were to be given a history of th ese photographs, one essential question could never be answered: Who is that person?In fact, if there is one very striking thing in La Jetee, it is indeed this coalescence of sorts between the representation (what there is to see: theimages) and the experience (what there is to feel: the affect); we cannot think of La Jetee without being touched, moved, and even deeply upset. It is a film that leaves its mark, that cannot easily be forgotten. Near the beginning of his book Barthes writes that the photograph is composed of three practices: to do, to undergo, to look. These are the three things that are involved in the function of the photograph. The spectator is the viewer of it, the operator is he who takes the picture, and the target is that thing which is photographed. In La Jetee, the spectator and the target are obvious, but as soon as I read this in Camera Lucida I wondered, Who is the operator? It does not, to me, seem to be Marker for some reason. He seems connected with the story of the film, and perhaps with the order and composition of the photographs, but I cannot imagine him as the actual photographer. Not because he could not be the photographer, but the because the photographs in the film just seem to have none. This is, I feel, a large part of what creates the haunting quality of La Jetee mentioned in the quote above. We are used to photographs having a photographer, but here we have none. Even the occasion al anonymous in place of a photographs name is something, we know that it came from somewhere. Now obviously the photographs in the film came from somewhere, and were of course carefully planned out, but I cannot shake the haunting feeling I get when I think about and view the film. We have a director, not a photographer, and subsequently, for me, the photos in the film feel somehow ghostly and ethereal. .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0 , .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0 .postImageUrl , .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0 , .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0:hover , .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0:visited , .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0:active { border:0!important; } .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0:active , .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0 .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u374ade41cdc61e1dc741da6c94d925f0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Evaluation of 12 Angry Men Using the Seven Step Me EssayThere are, I believe, two imagesone from the film, and the other from the bookthat are amazingly similar in their function within their respective works and can be paralleled in two major ways. One is Barthess Winter Garden photographthe photo of his mother as a child that he uses to explore the link between memory and the photograph, and through which he discovers the photographs amazing power of being able to capture the air of a person. The image from the film, which parallels the Winter Garden photograph, is the image of the woman (the heroine of the film) on the jetty. It is, for the hero, the only peacetime imag e to survive the war, and it is the only thing that he loves or that gives him hope. This image also has to do with memory and it is, in fact, a memory of the heros. Furthermore, it holds, for him and for the viewer of the film, the air of that character in the film. Barthes sits down one day shortly after his mothers death to sort and compile the photographs of her. Why? Because this is what people do in modern society. We use the photograph as a memory device. It is ritualistic, so intertwined with memory as to be a supplement to it. We keep photographs of people so that we can remember what they will look like, and after their death a photograph of them is placed above their coffin or on their grave. However, though Barthes engages in the ritual, he denies the photograph as memory. Not only is the photograph never, in essence, a memorybut it actuallyblocks memory, quickly becomes a counter-memory. One day, somefriends were talking about their childhood memories; they had any number;but I, who had just been looking at my old photographs, had none left. This idea is an interesting one, and it is tied up with Barthess idea of Death and the photograph, which I shall deal with later. For now, I turn to the image of the woman on the jetty and its relation to memory. The first thing that struck me about the Jetty Image is that it seems, to me, to be an impossible image. The woman is staring thoughtfully into the distance, her fingers frozen on her lips in a pensive, poetic manner. It is an immediately striking image, and purposefully soit is the first time you see her in the film. But, it is first and foremost the mans memory of her, and it seems to me to be an impossible memory; the perfect frozen gesture, the hair blowing in the winddo people really remember this way?! What is Marker saying here about memory? Could he not have used a picture that was less stylized, more ordinary? This image is a central part of the film. It stays on screen form several seconds, long enough for the narrator to say a few sentences. Had he really seen it, the narrator asks, Or had he invented that tender moment? So is Marker saying that memory is invented, made into a likeness of the photograph by the mind, fantastic and romantic, or that memory is being replaced by the photograph, that we can no longer distinguish between the image on paper and the one in our heads? I cannot say for sure. Later in the film, during the early part of the heros time travels, he is bombarded by images. Other images appear, merge, in that museum, which is, perhaps, his memory. If memory is like a museum, a place where art is kept, then memory is like art, man made and built to please or perhaps horrify, but always constructed. I would not say, however, that Marker is proposing that the photograph is a counter-memory. The fact that this photographic photograph is used as a mans memory is saying something different, either that the photo is replacing memory, or that memory is photographic in the sense that it is stylized and fictionalized. The link between Barthess Winter Garden photo and Markers Jetty Image does not end with memory, though. They are also similar in that they both represent something more about the person in them than simply their image. Barthes, engaging in his ritualistic study of the photographs of his mother, immediately comes up against a wallnone of the pictures satisfy. He looks through dozens of photos, but he does not recognize his mother. The pictures carry only her likeness, they do not hold her being, her manna. Since photography (this is its noeme) authenticates the existence of a certain being, I want to discover that being in the photograph completely, i.e., in its essence. Suddenly, with this in mind, Barthes comes to the Winter Garden photo, and he has found what he was looking for, he has found her. It is at this point in his book that Barthes begins to consider the power the photograph has of being able to capture the air of a person. The air is a kind of intractable supplement of identityit expresses the subject. It is, furthermore, only through this quality of the air that Barthes believes a photograph comes alive and becomes more than simply a supplement to memory or something one can learn raw facts fr om. The Winter Garden picture becomes for him a symbol, almost an embodiment, of his mother. The Jetty Image serves an analogous function for the hero of the film. In it, Marker certainly has placed the air of the character. I feel that Marker would agree with Barthes about the importance of the air in a photograph, and that he is commenting on the raw power of it when it does happen. Not only does the hero of the film remember this image for his entire life, but also it is, as I said before, the only peacetime image to survive the war. Furthermore, it is the way that the viewer of the movie is introduced to the female character. Marker wants us to feel as struck by this image as the man in the film was; he wants us to see the air of that character in the photograph and remember it long after the movie has ended. The image is poetic and riveting, we are filled with the heros longing. Each photograph is a certificate of presence. Probably the most prevalent, important, and intertwined themes throughout both La Jetee and Camera Lucida are Death and Time. These two issues are at the heart of both the film and the book, and I was astounded by how often Barthes and Marker seem to be exploring these issues in a similar way. Barthes writes that within every photograph there is that terrible thing, which is the return of the dead. For Barthes, the photograph cannot escape from Death. Every single photograph is, at its heart, an image of death. This is because every photograph is shows something that has been. Each photograph shows a moment passed and gone, never to be repeatedin other words, dead. This idea is, in Camera Lucida, tied up with Time. Time, writes Barthes, is engorged in the photograph. Barthes comes to this conclusion through the observation that every photograph has the amazing quality to certify, unequivocally, that this has been. In Barthess opinion (and in my own), It is the advent of the photograph which divides the history of the world. Before the photograph nothing about the times before ones own memory was certain. History and art existed to teach people about the past, but both of these things were interpretations of the facts, fictionalized by the human intermediary. History is lik e a narrative, a story about the past seen through the eyes of certain people, while painting and other arts are simply representations of things, regardless of how hard they try to be realistic. Then, along comes the photograph, and the past is no longer uncertain. From a phenomenological viewpoint, in the Photograph, the power of authentication exceeds the power of representation. The fact of something, the existence of something can now be proven, undeniably, by this image on a sheet of paper, and the world is changed forever. Yet this eventthe proving of the past, of Timeseemingly so wonderful at first glance, is full of irony in Barthess eyes. The photograph, in trying to capture, prove, and celebrate life, unwittingly becomes a symbol of Death. Moreover, as the photograph tries to capture the individual person in order to celebrate, commemorate, or remember them, soon it has gone too far, and far too often the picture is more like a rape of the individual. In an added irony, t he photograph begins by trying to turn man into art, and ends by turning him into a spectacle. The modern age is full of this phenomenon. Bombarded by the media, we are constantly assaulted by the public images of other peoples private lives. Yet they are not real, they are a spectacle. It is through this type of action that photography, for Barthes, has transformed subject into object. A celebrity himself, he comments on the process: for what society makes of my photograph, what it reads there, I do notknowbut when I discover myself the product of this operation, what I see is that I have become Total Image, which is to say, Death in person;othersthe Otherdo not dispossess me of myself, they turn me, ferociously, into an object, they put me at their mercy, at their disposal,classified in a file, ready for the subtlest deceptions How unbelievable it was for me to take these ideas and apply them to La Jetee, a story about a dead man traveling in time to a world of dead people. Sent by a group of scientists who have turned him into an object, and before whom he has no private life, he is to be used and then discarded. Uncanny was an understatement, for Barthes and Marker seem to be seeing exactly the same issues in the photograph. Death and Time are as pervading in La Jetee as they are in Camera Lucida. They are everywhere in the film. Set in a future world of dead people, killed by World War III, the film tells us the story of the survivors, struggling to escape Death. The main character is a man, kept alive and given hope by memories of the scene of his own death, who must travel back in time to the world of the dead to try to save the present. This proves, to me, that Marker also sees that Death and Time are the most striking things about a photograph, and that he views their affect in a similar way to Barth es. When Marker sends his character into the future the inhabitants of that world are like Barthes, viewing a photograph from the past. This photograph, like the hero, is undeniable. Right there before us, it loudly demands that we remember it, that we look back to the certainty of its existence and are aware that it in fact existed, all under the guise of a sophism, which is, for the photograph, art. Moreover, the hero and heroine in the film meet in a museum filled with eternal creatures. Here we have the ultimate marriage between Death and Timea museum not of art, but of geology. Dead creatures in a parody of rebirth, they are put on display in an attempt to recapture their life and create a memory of them. The exact description Barthes gives of the photographic process. Adding another layer, Marker takes photographs of these statues and puts them in a story, thereby effectively removing them from time altogether. For this is what stories do, they negate time by taking you and pl acing you within the fiction of the story where real time is irrelevant. Perhaps this is what creates that strange, haunting quality of film, the certainty of the photograph combined with the fiction of the narrative. .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923 , .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923 .postImageUrl , .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923 , .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923:hover , .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923:visited , .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923:active { border:0!important; } .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923:active , .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923 .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u63e89a17cac7cdfc5a6ac30978c27923:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Overpopulation EssayThe hero of the film is, like the subject of the modern photograph, turned into an object. He is used by the scientists in the name of the race, much as a journalist uses the image in the name of society. He has no private life, The thought police see even into dreams. Barthes writes, the age of the photograph corresponds precisely to the explosion of the private into the public. At the end of the film the man is shot down, killed because he is no longer useful. Barthes writes, The only way that I can transform the Photograph is into refuse: either the drawer or the wastebasket. To end my analysis, I shall address one of Barthess most powerful and most important ideas in Camera Lucida, that of the punctum. The punctum of a picture is what, for Barthes, makes that picture special. It is a detail within a picture that somehow makes that picture stand out and prick the viewer. A photographs punctum is that accident which pricks me (but also bruises me, is poignant to me). Not all photographs have a punctum, and every photograph might have a different punctum for a each different person viewing it, but when the punctum is there the picture suddenly becomes alive for the viewer. For Barthes, the punctum is a necessary quality for any great photograph, it is the only thing that can make a photograph come alive. My first photography teacher often talked about the punctum, pointing it out in whatever photographs he found it in, and it is an idea that has been ingrained in my head for some time. So, when I first saw La Jetee, I immediately asked myself: What is its punctum? An answer came to me right away, and I felt very certain of it, but at the end of my research I came to question it, and was led to an alternate choice. This first thought, though, was that the punctum in Markers film is that one and only moment in the movie in which there is true movement (created with a motion camera rather than a photographic camera). The scene in which this happens is a very simple yet extremely powerful one, falling very close to the middle of the movie. The heroine of the film is lying in a bed, asleep. Though under the covers, we assume she is undressed and that she and the man whose story this is have just made love. We are shown a series of pictures of her like this. There is no music, only a sligh t and haunting rustling sound that begins quietly and builds to a crescendo. The pictures fade into one another, giving the illusion of movement, and then back into blackness. Suddenly, in the last photo, we see her open her eyes. As the rustling sound builds to a height we realize that this is not a trick of sandwiching negativesthis is actual film, we can see her breathing!! She stares right at the camera, which represents the mans point of view, and she blinks before fading to black. I was immediately struck by this moment the first time I saw the film, as were the people who watched it with me. Almost every person in the audience gasped or made some sort of comment. For me, it is the most memorable and powerful moment in the film. Moreover, I believe it is perhaps the most important moment in the journey of the main character as well. We are looking, at this point, through his eyes, and suddenly we see movement, suddenly the woman comes alive and is no longer frozen and dead lik e a photograph but moving and fluid like film. Or like a memory. Suddenly, in light of this part of the film, I am rethinking my earlier conclusion that Marker would not see the photograph as a counter-memory. If this moment is so important, so striking and memorable to the main character, whyif the photograph is like memorydoes Marker use film here? What makes this so interesting is that the only two images in the film that I am certain are from the heros point of view are this image and the Jetty Image. What is Marker trying to say? Is the photograph not like memory at all, is the Jetty Image a pure fabrication, or are both parts of the film equally a part of the characters memory? Once again, I cannot be sure, but I can say for certain that I think the film sequence is a true memory of the character, and that it is the photograph I am uncertain of. Another interesting aspect of this punctum of the film is that Marker achieves the power of this moment in the film by negating photography.He seems to be proving Barthess point that the photograph cannot escape death because at this point the woman comes alive for me, and also for the character in the film. She is suddenly living and breathing, real to both the viewer and the character, and photography had to be negated to achieve this effect. As I began to explore this idea, and as I began to reexamine Barthess idea of the punctum, I began to rethink this original conclusion. This is because Barthes wrote that the punctum of a photograph is that thing which makes it stand out, makes it prick the viewer. When I thought about it, though, I realized that most, if not nearly all of the images in La Jetee prick me, and then I realized that the entire movie pricks me. Looking at the individual photographs in the film, I realized that not every one really struck me as an individual photograph, and that yet somehow they did strike me within the experience of the film. Then I realized that what I was looking for was exactly what I had already decided I needed to look to for my answers: the narration. So, I propose that the narration, the story, in La Jetee is its punctum, that thing which makes these photographs stand out and prick the viewer. Another way to put it would be to say that the punctum of La Jetee is that it is a film, and not a slide show. Yet this does not negate the video image in the film as its own punctum. That part is the punctum of the story within the film, and the narration is the punctum of the film itself. To conclude, I would say that Roland Barthes and Chris Marker are, in their respective works of Camera Lucida and La Jetee, exploring the nature of photography and that, furthermore, they have come to, on the whole, almost exactly the same conclusions. They both are addressing Time, Death, and memory. They are both aware that these three things are deeply ingrained in the nature of the photograph and that they cannot be avoided by a person involved in the photograph, whether he be spectator, target, or operator. They are also examining the unique affects, powers, and characteristics of the photographic. Things such as the power of the photograph to capture the air of a person, or the power of specific photographs to come alive or deeply affect someone. Also, they are both aware of t he negative affects of the photograph in the modern age, and the modern persons tendency to become unfeeling in the face of so much symbolic Death. As I said before, the amount and quality of the parallels between La Jetee and Camera Lucida is uncanny, and I feel like there is much more that could be written on the subject. Alas, I do not have the time to delve any more deeply, and I shall end this study here.

Courtship essays

Courtship essays Over time the once universal definition of courtship has become a manifestation of one's personal beliefs and values. The once formal structure of courtship is now an individual meeting process. However there are still some formalities to the process. Every couple has a story of how they met. Many couples are high school sweethearts, others meet through mutual friends. Joe and Eileen Marini met in court. The story begins in the summer of 1975, in the town of Wildwood, NJ. One night after partying at the local dance club, a lively group of young men return to their hotel room to finish off the evening with a few drinks. Once inside, they began acting wildly and someone broke down a door separating the room adjacent to theirs. Inside the second room was a group of young women settling in after a long day of bathing in the ocean. After removing the uninvited guest from their room the girls decided to get some rest and settle the problem the following morning. On the proceeding morning two of the girls went next door to talk over the situation with the guys. When they knocked on the door a young gentleman, who had been absent the night before, answered. His name was Joseph Marini, and the two girls were Cathy Holland and Eileen Carew. The girls sat and discussed what would be done to absolve the situation and the gentlemen agreed to pay for damages. Of course, the owner of the hotel was not as forgiving as the girls. The case was assigned a court date and the fines would be accessed at that time. Following their fiasco the two groups went on their separate ways, except for one lucky meeting. After shopping downtown, Eileen and Cathy returned to the hotel to shower and prepare for the night. In the parking lot they crossed paths with the young man that had answered the door that morning. They began talking and Eileen took the liberty to invite Joe to join them at the dance club that night. On their first date, Eilee...